I encountered this issue last Monday. I did the usual thing as I did at Sitecore 7.2 or older.
So I created Base Template, with the base fields and some sublayouts inside presentation details at its standard value. Then i created Template A inherited with Base Template, the fields are inherited as usual, however, the presentation details is not inherited, yet the item that use Template A have inherited presentation details from Base Template.
Even though it looks quite ok, but i unable to add additional sublayout for template A, if I add new sublayout inside Template A standard value, it will overwrite the "inherited presentation details".
I did some researched on Google and found out that this is known bug for Sitecore 8 update 4 and Sitecore 8 update 5. Sitecore Support has released temporary fix for this, if you need to contact them, you can add this public reference number, 442036
Hope this helps ^_^
